Moon LRO LROC WAC Global Morphology Mosaic 100m

Primary Authors

LROC Team

Originators

Arizona State University

Publisher

USGS Astrogeology Science Center

Abstract

Product Information: Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Wide Angle Camera (WAC) aboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has allowed the instrument team to create a global mosaic comprised of over 15,000 images acquired between November 2009 and February 2011. The WAC maps the whole Moon in one month, however the solar incidence angle at the equator changes about 28° from the beginning to the end of the month. To even out the incidence angle variations (generally angles between 55-75 degrees), this morphology mosaic (at 643 nm), is comprised of data collected over three periods (1/20/2010 to 1/28/2010, 5/30/2010 to 6/6/2010, 7/24/2010 to 7/31/2010). The South Pole mosaic images were acquired 8/10/10 to 9/19/10 and the north polar images 4/22/10 to 5/19/10. Some gores were filled with data taken at other times. The non-polar images were map projected onto the GLD100, WAC-derived 100 meters per pixel (m), while polar images were map projected on the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) shape model (80° to 90° N/S) and the GLD100 (60° to 80° N/S). In addition, the LOLA derived crossover corrected ephemeris and an improved camera pointing provide accurate positioning of each WAC image. Because the polar images were acquired at a different season than the equatorial images, and the lunar photometric function is not perfectly known, there can be a brightness difference where the polar mosaics meet the equatorial mosaics. This has been greatly reduced in version 3 (created in June 2013). Mission and Instrument Information: The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft to the Moon in June 2009 (Tooley et al., 2010) carrying a variety of instruments that continue to return high-resolution images of the lunar surface from its eccentric polar mapping orbit (Petro et al., 2019). The LRO is a robotic spacecraft designed to acquire data to prepare for and support future human exploration of the Moon. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) is a system of three cameras mounted on the LRO that capture high resolution black and white images and moderate resolution multi-spectral images of the lunar surface (ASU, 2019). The LROC consists of two narrow-angle cameras (NACs) that provide 0.5 meter-scale panchromatic images over a 5 km swath , a wide-angle camera (WAC) to provide images at a scale of 100 meters/pixel in seven color bands over a 60 km swath, and a Sequence and Compressor System (SCS) supporting data acquisition for both cameras. The LROC data sets are produced by the LROC Team at the Tempe campus of Arizona State University (PDS IMG, 2018). References: Original Mosaic: Speyerer, E. J., Robinson, M. S., Denevi, B. W., & LROC Science Team (2011). Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera global morphological map of the Moon. Paper presented at the 42nd Lunar Planetary Science Conference, Lunar and Planetary Science Institute, Houston, TX. https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2011/pdf/2387.pdf Mission: Robinson, M. S., Brylow, S. M., Humm, D., Lawrence, S. J., Thomas, P. C., Denevi, B. W., Bowman-Cisneros, E., et al. (2010). Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) instrument overview. Space Science Review, 150(1), 81–124. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-010-9634-2 Mosaic Production: Wagner, R. V., Speyerer, E. J., Robinson, M. S., & LROC Team (2015). New Mosaicked Data Products from the LROC Team. Paper presented at the 46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/1473.pdf Eposter: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/eposter/1473.pdf Photometry: Sato, H., Robinson, M. S., Hapke, B., Denevi, B. W., & Boyd, A. K. (2104). Resolved Hapke parameter maps of the Moon. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 119, 1775-1805. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JE004580 Arizona State University (ASU) (2019). About Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. https://www.lroc.sese.asu.edu Petro, N. E., Keller, J. W., Cohen, B. A., & McClanahan, T. P. (2019). Ten years of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter: Advancing lunar science and context for future lunar exploration. Paper presented at the 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2019/pdf/2780.pdf Planetary Data Systems (PDS) Cartography and Imaging Sciences (IMG) (2018). Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. https://pds-imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/portal/lro_mission.html Tooley, C. R., Houghton, M. B., Saylor Jr., S. S., Peddie, C., Everett, D. F., Baker, C. L., & Safdie, K. N. (2010). Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission and spacecraft design. Space Science Review, 150, 23–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-009-9624-4

Purpose

To generate a 100 meters per pixel morphology mosaic of the Moon.

Contact and Distribution

Format

Global Mosaic, Raster Data, Remote-sensing Data

Access Constraints

public domain

Access Scope

PDS

Use Constraints

Please cite authors

Series Id

3

Edition

June 2013

Edition Name

Morphology Mosaic

Supplemental Information

http://wms.lroc.asu.edu/lroc/view_rdr/WAC_GLOBAL, https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2015/pdf/1473.pdf, https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2013JE004580, http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/about, https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2011/pdf/2046.pdf

Native Data Set Environment

ISIS v3

Astrogeology Theme

Cartography, Geomorphology, Image Processing, Remote Sensing, Selenography

Mission Names

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

Instrument Names

LROC

Online Package Link

https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/search/map/moon_lro_lroc_wac_global_morphology_mosaic_100m

External File Size

5.5 GB

Online File Link

https://planetarymaps.usgs.gov/mosaic/Lunar_LRO_LROC-WAC_Mosaic_global_100m_June2013.tif

Contact Address

2255 N. Gemini Drive

Contact City

Flagstaff

Contact State

AZ

Contact Postal Code

86001

Contact Email

astroweb@usgs.gov

Progress

In Work

Update Frequency

As needed

Logical Consistency

Because the polar images were acquired at a different season than the equatorial images, and the lunar photometric function is not perfectly known, there is a brightness difference where the polar mosaics meet the equatorial mosaics. In a future release this discontinuity will be reduced.

Completeness Report

global coverage

Process Description

image processing completed using ISIS and orthorectified on both LOLA and WAC digital elevation models.

Source Title

LRO LROC images

Source Online Linkage

{http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/lro/lro-l-lola-2-edr-v1/lrolol_0xxx/data/lola_edr/,https://pds-imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/volumes/lro.html,http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/lro/lola.htm,https://pds-imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/portal/lro_mission.htm,http://wms.lroc.asu.edu/lroc/view_rdr/WAC_GLD100}

Source PDS Archive

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

PDS Status

PDS 3 Archived

Geospatial Information

Target

Moon

System

Earth

Minimum Latitude

-90

Maximum Latitude

90

Minimum Longitude

-180

Maximum Longitude

180

Direct Spatial Reference Method

Raster

Object Type

Grid Cell

Raster Row Count (lines)

54582

Raster Column Count (samples)

109164

Bit Type (8, 16, 32)

8

Quad Name

Radius A

1737400

Radius C

1737400

Bands

1

Pixel Resolution (meters/pixel)

100.0000418

Scale (pixels/degree)

303.2334

Map Projection Name

Simple Cylindrical

Latitude Type

Planetocentric

Longitude Direction

Positive East

Longitude Domain

-180 to 180