Moon LRO LOLA Color Shaded Relief 388m

Primary Authors

Lunar Mapping and Modeling Project

Originators

USGS Astrogeology Science Center, Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA, JPL, PDS Geosciences Node

Publisher

USGS Astrogeology Science Center

Publication Date

2011-08-01

Abstract

Product Information: This is a colorized shaded-relief of a original polar digital elevation model (DEM) from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA; Smith et al., 2010), an instrument on the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft (Tooley et al., 2010). The DEM is a shape map (radius) of the Moon at a resolution 100 meters per pixel (m) based on altimetry data acquired through September, 2011 by the LOLA instrument. The ground tracks were interpolated using the Generic Mapping Tools programs "surface" and "grdblend". Map values are referred to a radius of 1,737,400 m. Mission and Instrument Information: The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft to the Moon in June 2009 (Tooley et al., 2010) carrying a variety of instruments that continue to return high-resolution images of the lunar surface from its eccentric polar mapping orbit (Petro et al., 2019). The LOLA has collected over more than 6.5 billion measurements of global surface height with a vertical precision of ~10 cm and an accuracy of ~1m (Mazarico et al., 2013). With such highly accurate global coverage, the resulting topographic map has become the reference geodetic framework for the lunar community and has led to the highest resolution and most accurate polar DEMs to date (Barker et al., 2016). References: Barker, M. K., Mazarico, E., Neumann, G. A., Zuber, M. T., Haruyama, J., & Smith, D. E. (2016). A new lunar digital elevation model from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter and SELENE Terrain Camera. Icarus, 273, 346–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.07.039 LRO Project and Lunar Geodesy and Cartography Working Group (2008). A Standardized Lunar Coordinate System for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Lunar Datasets: LRO Project and LGCWG White Paper, v. 3. https://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/library/LunCoordWhitePaper-10-08.pdf Mazarico, E., Neumann, G. A., Barker, M. K., Goossens, S., Smith, D. E., & Zuber, M. T. (2012). Orbit determination of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Journal of Geodesy, 86(3), 193–207. https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20180007208.pdf Petro, N. E., Keller, J. W., Cohen, B. A., & McClanahan, T. P. (2019). Ten years of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter: Advancing lunar science and context for future lunar exploration. Paper presented at the 50th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX. https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2019/pdf/2780.pdf Smith, D. E., Zuber, M. T., Neumann, G. A., Lemoine, F. G., Mazarico, E., Torrence, M. H., McGarry, J. F., et al. (2010). Initial observations from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA). Geophysical Research Letters, 37(L18204). https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043751 Tooley, C. R., Houghton, M. B., Saylor Jr., R. S., Peddie, C., Everett, D. F., Baker, C. L., & Safdie, K. N. (2010). Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission and spacecraft design. Space Science Reviews, 150(1), 23–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-009-9624-4

Purpose

The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) is producing a high-resolution global topographic model and geodetic framework that enables precise targeting, safe landing, and surface mobility to carry out exploratory activities. LOLA characterizes the polar illumination environment and images permanently shadowed polar regions of the Moon to identify possible locations of surface ice crystals in shadowed polar craters.

Contact and Distribution

Format

Digital Elevation Model, Global Mosaic, Remote-sensing Data, Shaded-Relief Map

Access Constraints

None

Access Scope

PDS

Use Constraints

Public domain

Edition

4

Supplemental Information

https://lola.gsfc.nasa.gov/, https://ode.rsl.wustl.edu/moon/, http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/lro/lola_faq.htm, http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/lro/lro-l-lola-3-rdr-v1/lrolol_1xxx/catalog/lolainst.cat, http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/lro/default.htm

Native Data Set Environment

ISIS v3

Astrogeology Theme

Cartography, Geographic Information System (GIS), Landing sites, Manned exploration, Remote Sensing, Topography

Mission Names

Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

Instrument Names

LOLA

Online Package Link

https://astrogeology.usgs.gov/search/map/moon_lro_lola_color_shaded_relief_388m

External File Size

3 GB

Online File Link

https://planetarymaps.usgs.gov/mosaic/Lunar_LRO_LOLA_ClrShade_Global_128ppd_v04.tif

Contact Address

2255 N. Gemini Drive

Contact City

Flagstaff

Contact State

AZ

Contact Postal Code

86001

Contact Email

astroweb@usgs.gov

Currentness Reference

Publication date

Progress

In Work

Update Frequency

As needed

Logical Consistency

The LOLA instrument has a along-track sampling in latitude of 25 m. Cross-track sampling in longitude 0.04 degrees (~25 m above latitude 85 degrees; and ~1.2 km at the equator), after the first year of operation. Along with each gridded DEM, a "count" image is created which reports, at the chosen resolution, how many LOLA shots intersected that pixel. If there are more than one shot per pixel, the mean of the shots is used per pixel. Where no LOLA shots are available, the pixel is approximated using a spline interpolation from the surrounding neighbors.

Completeness Report

This is a preliminary product.

Process Description

All processing was completed using Geospatial Data Abstraction Library (GDAL) tools on the original LROC DEM. To derive this colorized shaded-relief these three GDAL commands were used: (1) gdaldem hillshade input_dem output_hillshade -z 2 (ZFactor) -az 315 (Azimuth) -alt 45 (Altitude) (2) gdaldem color-relief input_dem color_text_file output_color_relief_map > (3) hsv_merge.py output_color_relief_map output_hillshade output_color-hillshade. Pixels do not contain any of the original explicit elevation information. The colorized shaded-relief represents approximate elevations based on the original topographic data. Elevations values are mapped based on the defined red, green, and blue mapping listed next. All NoData values are mapped to 0, 0, 0 (black). Thus 0 percent (purple) maps to minimum elevation and 100 percent (white) maps to maximum using a linear stretch between percentages. ----- * nv 0 0 0 //No Data * 0% 255 120 255 //purple * 20% 120 120 255 //blue * 40% 120 255 255 //aqua * 60% 120 255 120 //green * 70% 255 255 120 //yellow * 90% 255 120 120 //red * 100% 255 255 255 //white

Source Online Linkage

{http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/lro/lro-l-lola-2-edr-v1/lrolol_0xxx/data/lola_edr/,https://pds-imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/volumes/lro.html,http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/lro/lola.htm,https://pds-imaging.jpl.nasa.gov/portal/lro_mission.html}

PDS Status

PDS 3 Like

Attribute Accuracy Report

Accurate to Control Net

Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report

Accurate to Control Net

Vertical Positional Accuracy Report

Accurate to Control Net

Geospatial Information

Target

Moon

System

Earth

Minimum Latitude

-90

Maximum Latitude

90

Minimum Longitude

-180

Maximum Longitude

180

Direct Spatial Reference Method

Raster

Object Type

Grid Cell

Raster Row Count (lines)

23040

Raster Column Count (samples)

46080

Bit Type (8, 16, 32)

8

Quad Name

Radius A

1737400

Radius C

1737400

Control Net

LOLA

Bands

3

Pixel Resolution (meters/pixel)

387.84

Scale (pixels/degree)

128

Altitude Resolution

1

Vertical Coordinate System Units

Meters

Map Projection Name

Simple Cylindrical

Latitude Type

Planetocentric

Longitude Direction

Positive East

Longitude Domain

-180 to 180